Journal of the National Cancer Institute Advance Access published online on January 29, 2008
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, doi:10.1093/jnci/djm323
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press.
ARTICLES |
Endogenous Sex Hormones and Prostate Cancer: A Collaborative Analysis of 18 Prospective Studies
Correspondence to: Andrew W. Roddam, D.Phil, Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF (e-mail: andrew.roddam{at}ceu.ox.ac.uk).
Background: Sex hormones in serum have been hypothesized to influence the risk of prostate cancer. We performed a collaborative analysis of the existing worldwide epidemiologic data to examine these associations in a uniform manner and to provide more precise estimates of risks.
Methods: Data on serum concentrations of sex hormones from 18 prospective studies that included 3886 men with incident prostate cancer and 6438 control subjects were pooled by the Endogenous Hormones and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group. Relative risks (RRs) of prostate cancer by fifths of serum hormone concentration were estimated by use of conditional logistic regression with stratification by study, age at recruitment, and year of recruitment. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Results: No associations were found between the risk of prostate cancer and serum concentrations of testosterone, calculated free testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, androstanediol glucuronide, estradiol, or calculated free estradiol. The serum concentration of sex hormone–binding globulin was modestly inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (RR in the highest vs lowest fifth = 0.86, 95% confidence interval = 0.75 to 0.98; Ptrend = .01). There was no statistical evidence of heterogeneity among studies, and adjustment for potential confounders made little difference to the risk estimates.
Conclusions: In this collaborative analysis of the worldwide data on endogenous hormones and prostate cancer risk, serum concentrations of sex hormones were not associated with the risk of prostate cancer.
| CONTEXT AND CAVEATS Prior knowledge Sex hormones in serum could, hypothetically, influence the risk of prostate cancer. Study design Pooled analysis of 18 prospective studies on the association between sex hormone concentrations in serum and the risk of prostate cancer. A total of 3886 men with incident prostate cancer and 6438 control subjects were included in this analysis. Contribution No associations were found between the risk of prostate cancer and serum concentrations of testosterone, calculated free testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, androstanediol glucuronide, estradiol, or calculated free estradiol. A modest inverse association was observed between the risk of prostate cancer and the serum concentration of sex hormone–binding globulin. Implications Sex hormones apparently do not influence the risk of prostate cancer. Limitations Possible biases could have been introduced because of the long latency associated with prostate cancer, which could result in some control subjects having occult disease. Different laboratory methods were used in different studies to measure sex hormone concentrations in serum. Hormone concentrations were measured in only one sample for each participant.
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Manuscript received June 5, 2007; revised December 6, 2007; accepted December 19, 2007.
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J Natl Cancer Inst 2008 100: 1412-1413.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2008 100: 158-159.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2008 100: 157.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2008 100: 157.
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