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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press.
BRIEF COMMUNICATION |
Prostate Cancer in Fathers With Fewer Male Offspring: the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort
Affliliations of authors: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health (SH, AIN, MO, MCP, MBT), and Department of Psychiatry (KRK), Columbia University, New York, NY; Epidemiology Unit, Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health, Jerusalem, Israel (OP, YF, RCM, LD, OM, ET, RY)
Correspondence to: Susan Harlap, MB BS, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 (e-mail: sh2209{at}columbia.edu).
Recent studies have suggested the involvement of loci on the Y chromosome in prostate cancer. We studied the relative risk (RR) of prostate cancer in relation to sex ratio of offspring in a cohort of 38 934 Israeli men who were followed from the birth of their offspring (in 1964 through 1976) until 2005. Cox models were used to adjust for changes in incidence over time, age, the man's year of birth, and social and ethnic variables. A total of 712 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Compared with men who had at least one son, men with only daughters had an increased risk of prostate cancer (adjusted RR = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 to 1.64, P<.0001). In men with one, two, or three or more offspring, the relative risks associated with absence of sons were 1.25 (95% CI = 1.00 to 1.56), 1.41 (95% CI = 1.04 to 1.91), and 1.60 (95% CI = 1.05 to 2.43), respectively. Men with no daughters showed no statistically significantly altered risk, compared with men who had offspring of both sexes. The relative risk of prostate cancer decreased as the number of sons increased (Ptrend<.0001) but did not change with the number of daughters. These findings suggest that a Y chromosome locus may be involved in prostate cancer risk in this population.
| CONTEXT AND CAVEATS Prior knowledge Genes on the Y chromosome have been implicated in prostate cancer. Mutations in such genes have the potential to influence the sex ratio of the offspring of men carrying them. Study design Men who were fathers in a family-based research cohort in Israel were followed for up to 40 years after the birth of their children. Contribution Men with only daughters had a 40% higher risk of prostate cancer than men with at least one son. Implications The findings support hypotheses that Y chromosome loci are involved in prostate cancer. Further investigation of reproductive outcomes of men might provide additional information on genes involved in prostate cancer. Limitations Information on sex of offspring was determined over a single 13-year period, and men who had sons before or after that period would have been misclassified in the analysis. No information on individual screening behavior was available. The study analyzed a single population, limiting generalizability.
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Correspondence about this Article
- Re: Prostate Cancer in Fathers With Fewer Male Offspring: the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort
- Justo Lorenzo Bermejo, Jan Sundquist, and Kari Hemminki
J Natl Cancer Inst 2007 99: 901-902.[Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]
- Re: Prostate Cancer in Fathers With Fewer Male Offspring: the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort
- William H. James
J Natl Cancer Inst 2007 99: 902.[Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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  J. L. Bermejo, J. Sundquist, and K. Hemminki Re: Prostate Cancer in Fathers With Fewer Male Offspring: the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort J Natl Cancer Inst, June 6, 2007; 99(11): 901 - 902. [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. H. James Re: Prostate Cancer in Fathers With Fewer Male Offspring: the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort J Natl Cancer Inst, June 6, 2007; 99(11): 902 - 902. [Full Text] [PDF]
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