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JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2001 93(17):1293-1296; doi:10.1093/jnci/93.17.1293
© 2001 by Oxford University Press
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Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 93, No. 17, 1293-1296, September 5, 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press

COMMENTARY

Why Most Randomized Phase II Cervical Cancer Chemoprevention Trials are Uninformative: Lessons for the Future

Michele Follen, Frank L. Meyskens, Jr., E. Neely Atkinson, David Schottenfeld

Affiliations of authors: M. Follen (Department of Gynecologic Oncology), E. N. Atkinson (Department of Biomathematics), The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; F. L. Meyskens, Jr., Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Irvine; D. Schottenfeld, Department of Epidemiology, The University of Michigan, School of Public Health I, Ann Arbor.

Correspondence to: Michele Follen, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Biomedical Engineering Center, Box 193, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030 (e-mail: mfollen@mdanderson.org).


   INTRODUCTION
 
According to the worldwide cancer incidence database maintained by the World Health Organization, cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy in women worldwide, exceeded in incidence only by breast and colorectal cancers (1). Cervical cancer is an important cause of mortality in women worldwide, and the cervix is a well-established clinical and histopathologic model of carcinogenesis. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major etiologic agent in cervical cancer. The cervix is easily accessible for examination, and colposcopy provides a visual model of angiogenesis and tumor development, making the cervix a good model for preventive interventions (2).

The precursor lesions to cervical cancer are squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). SILs are used in the cytologic classification, and CINs are used in the histopathologic classification. Several chemoprevention trials have been conducted in women with SIL/CIN by use of retinoids, micronutrients, {alpha}-difluoromethylornithine, and indole-3-carbinol. Although . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   NOTES
 

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