© 1998 by Oxford University Press
Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, Vol 90, 761-766, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
JS Brunet, P Ghadirian, TR Rebbeck, C Lerman, JE Garber, PN Tonin, J Abrahamson, WD Foulkes, M Daly, J Wagner-Costalas, A Godwin, OI Olopade, R Moslehi, A Liede, PA Futreal, BL Weber, GM Lenoir, HT Lynch and SA Narod
BACKGROUND: Smoking has carcinogenic effects, and possibly antiestrogenic
effects as well, but it has not been found to be a risk factor for breast
cancer in women in the general population. However, hereditary breast
cancer is primarily a disease of premenopausal women, and interactions
between genes and hormonal and environmental risk factors may be
particularly important in this subgroup. METHODS: We conducted a matched
case-control study of breast cancer among women who have been identified to
be carriers of a deleterious mutation in either the BRCA1 or the BRCA2
gene. These women were assessed for genetic risk at one of several genetic
counseling programs for cancer in North America. Information about lifetime
smoking history was derived from a questionnaire routinely administered to
women who were found to carry a mutation in either gene. Smoking histories
of case subjects with breast cancer and age-matched healthy control
subjects were compared. Odds ratios for developing breast cancer were
determined for smokers versus nonsmokers by use of conditional logistic
regression for matched sets after adjustment for other known risk factors.
RESULTS: Subjects with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations and breast cancer were
significantly more likely to have been nonsmokers than were subjects with
mutations and without breast cancer (two-sided P = .007). In a multivariate
analysis, subjects with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations who had smoked cigarettes
for more than 4 pack-years (i.e., number of packs per day multiplied by the
number of years of smoking) were found to have a lower breast cancer risk
(odds ratio = 0.46, 95% confidence interval = 0.27-0.80; two-sided P =
.006) than subjects with mutations who never smoked. CONCLUSIONS: This
study raises the possibility that smoking reduces the risk of breast cancer
in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations.
ARTICLES
Effect of smoking on breast cancer in carriers of mutant BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes
Department of Medicine, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. Caserta, L. Maranghi, A. Mantovani, R. Marci, F. Maranghi, and M. Moscarini Impact of endocrine disruptor chemicals in gynaecology Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2008; 14(1): 59 - 72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. B Greer and D. C Whitcomb Role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in pancreatic cancer Gut, May 1, 2007; 56(5): 601 - 605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. D. Terry and M. Goodman Is the Association between Cigarette Smoking and Breast Cancer Modified by Genotype? A Review of Epidemiologic Studies and Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2006; 15(4): 602 - 611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Colilla, P. W. Kantoff, S. L. Neuhausen, A. K. Godwin, M. B. Daly, S. A. Narod, J. E. Garber, H. T. Lynch, M. Brown, B. L. Weber, et al. The joint effect of smoking and AIB1 on breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers Carcinogenesis, March 1, 2006; 27(3): 599 - 605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. H. Kroenke, W. Y. Chen, B. Rosner, and M. D. Holmes Weight, Weight Gain, and Survival After Breast Cancer Diagnosis J. Clin. Oncol., March 1, 2005; 23(7): 1370 - 1378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Reynolds, S. Hurley, D. E. Goldberg, H. Anton-Culver, L. Bernstein, D. Deapen, P. L. Horn-Ross, D. Peel, R. Pinder, R. K. Ross, et al. Active Smoking, Household Passive Smoking, and Breast Cancer: Evidence From the California Teachers Study J Natl Cancer Inst, January 7, 2004; 96(1): 29 - 37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. H. Conney Enzyme Induction and Dietary Chemicals as Approaches to Cancer Chemoprevention: The Seventh DeWitt S. Goodman Lecture Cancer Res., November 1, 2003; 63(21): 7005 - 7031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Hopper and J. A. Baron Re: Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Breast Cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers J Natl Cancer Inst, July 2, 2003; 95(13): 1010 - 1011. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Narod and P. Ghadirian RESPONSE: Re: Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Breast Cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers J Natl Cancer Inst, July 2, 2003; 95(13): 1012 - 1013. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. D. Terry and T. E. Rohan Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Women: A Review of the Literature Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2002; 11(10): 953 - 971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. M. Petersen and C. M. Vachon Genetic Epidemiology of Melanoma: of Consortia and Conundrums J Natl Cancer Inst, June 19, 2002; 94(12): 872 - 873. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Conway, S. N. Edmiston, L. Cui, S. S. Drouin, J. Pang, M. He, C.-K. Tse, J. Geradts, L. Dressler, E. T. Liu, et al. Prevalence and Spectrum of p53 Mutations Associated with Smoking in Breast Cancer Cancer Res., April 1, 2002; 62(7): 1987 - 1995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. F. Firozi, M. L. Bondy, A. A. Sahin, P. Chang, F. Lukmanji, E. S. Singletary, M. M. Hassan, and D. Li Aromatic DNA adducts and polymorphisms of CYP1A1, NAT2, and GSTM1 in breast cancer Carcinogenesis, February 1, 2002; 23(2): 301 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. J. Couch, J. R. Cerhan, R. A. Vierkant, D. M. Grabrick, T. M. Therneau, V. S. Pankratz, L. C. Hartmann, J. E. Olson, C. M. Vachon, and T. A. Sellers Cigarette Smoking Increases Risk for Breast Cancer in High-Risk Breast Cancer Families Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2001; 10(4): 327 - 332. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C Johnson, J M Dixon, and C M Steel Risk factors for breast cancer BMJ, February 10, 2001; 322(7282): 365 - 365. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. R. Kirkland, F. Aslam, H. Rashid, T. A. Sellers, D. M. Grabrick, and L. C. Hartmann Oral Contraceptives and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women With a Family History of Breast Cancer JAMA, January 3, 2001; 285(1): 39 - 40. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Hilakivi-Clarke Estrogens, BRCA1, and Breast Cancer Cancer Res., September 1, 2000; 60(18): 4993 - 5001. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Morabia, M. S. Bernstein, I. Bouchardy, J. Kurtz, and M. A. Morris Breast Cancer and Active and Passive Smoking: The Role of the N-Acetyltransferase 2 Genotype Am. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2000; 152(3): 226 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Bennett, K. A. McAllister, J. Malphurs, T. Ward, N. K. Collins, J. C. Seely, L. C. Gowen, B. H. Koller, B. J. Davis, and R. W. Wiseman Mice Heterozygous for a Brca1 or Brca2 Mutation Display Distinct Mammary Gland and Ovarian Phenotypes in Response to Diethylstilbestrol Cancer Res., July 1, 2000; 60(13): 3461 - 3469. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kaprio Science, medicine, and the future: Genetic epidemiology BMJ, May 6, 2000; 320(7244): 1257 - 1259. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Emmons, K. J. Kalkbrenner, N. Klar, T. Light, K. A. Schneider, and J. E. Garber Behavioral Risk Factors among Women Presenting for Genetic Testing Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2000; 9(1): 89 - 94. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Sellers, R. A. King, J. R. Cerhan, P.-L. Chen, D. M. Grabrick, L. H. Kushi, W. S. Oetting, R. A. Vierkant, C. M. Vachon, F. J. Couch, et al. Fifty-year Follow-Up of Cancer Incidence in a Historical Cohort of Minnesota Breast Cancer Families Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 1999; 8(12): 1051 - 1057. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. O Shaheen, J. A C Sterne, S. M Montgomery, and H. Azima Birth weight, body mass index and asthma in young adults Thorax, May 1, 1999; 54(5): 396 - 402. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Zheng, A. C. Deitz, D. R. Campbell, W.-Q. Wen, J. R. Cerhan, T. A. Sellers, A. R. Folsom, and D. W. Hein N-Acetyltransferase 1 Genetic Polymorphism, Cigarette Smoking, Well-Done Meat Intake, and Breast Cancer Risk Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 1999; 8(3): 233 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. T. Lynch, M. J. Casey, T. G. Shaw, and J. F. Lynch Hereditary Factors in Gynecologic Cancer Oncologist, October 1, 1998; 3(5): 319 - 338. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|