© 1997 by Oxford University Press
Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, Vol 89, 1782-1788, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
MA Tucker, N Murray, EG Shaw, DS Ettinger, M Mabry, MH Huber, R Feld, FA Shepherd, DH Johnson, SC Grant, J Aisner and BE Johnson
BACKGROUND: An increased risk of second primary cancers has been reported
in patients who survive small-cell carcinoma of the lung. The treatment's
contribution to the development of second cancers is difficult to assess,
in part because the number of long-term survivors seen at any one
institution is small. We designed a multi-institution study to investigate
the risk among survivors of developing second primary cancers other than
small-cell lung carcinoma. METHODS: Demographic, smoking, and treatment
information were obtained from the medical records of 611 patients who had
been cancer free for more than 2 years after therapy for histologically
proven small-cell lung cancer, and person-years of follow-up were
cumulated. Population-based rates of cancer incidence and mortality were
used to estimate the expected number of cancers or deaths. The actuarial
risk of second cancers was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS:
Relative to the general population, the risk of all second cancers among
these patients (mostly non-small-cell cancers of the lung) was increased
3.5-fold. Second lung cancer risk was increased 13-fold among those who
received chest irradiation in comparison to a sevenfold increase among
nonirradiated patients. It was higher in those who continued smoking, with
evidence of an interaction between chest irradiation and continued smoking
(relative risk = 21). Patients treated with various forms of combination
chemotherapy had comparable increases in risk (9.4- to 13- fold, overall),
except for a 19-fold risk increase among those treated with alkylating
agents who continued smoking. IMPLICATIONS: Because of their substantially
increased risk, survivors should stop smoking and may consider entering
trials of secondary chemoprevention.
REVIEWS
Second primary cancers related to smoking and treatment of small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Working Cadre
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. tuckerp@epndce.nci.nih.gov
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Burke, L.-A. Miller, A. Saad, and J. Abraham Smoking Behaviors Among Cancer Survivors: An Observational Clinical Study J. Oncol. Pract, January 1, 2009; 5(1): 6 - 9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. R. Molina, P. Yang, S. D. Cassivi, S. E. Schild, and A. A. Adjei Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Survivorship Mayo Clin. Proc., May 1, 2008; 83(5): 584 - 594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Rubins, M. Unger, and G. L. Colice Follow-up and Surveillance of the Lung Cancer Patient Following Curative Intent Therapy: ACCP Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline (2nd Edition) Chest, September 1, 2007; 132(3_suppl): 355S - 367S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. S. Walker, D. J. Vidrine, E. R. Gritz, R. J. Larsen, Y. Yan, R. Govindan, and E. B. Fisher Smoking Relapse during the First Year after Treatment for Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2006; 15(12): 2370 - 2377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Matsui, T. Sawa, H. Suzuki, K. Nakagawa, N. Okamoto, T. Tada, T. Nagano, and N. Masuda Relapse of Stage I Small Cell Lung Cancer Ten or More Years after the Start of Treatment Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., July 1, 2006; 36(7): 457 - 461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. R. Khuri, J. J. Lee, S. M. Lippman, E. S. Kim, J. S. Cooper, S. E. Benner, R. Winn, T. F. Pajak, B. Williams, G. Shenouda, et al. Randomized Phase III Trial of Low-dose Isotretinoin for Prevention of Second Primary Tumors in Stage I and II Head and Neck Cancer Patients. J Natl Cancer Inst, April 5, 2006; 98(7): 441 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Sugimura and P. Yang Long-term Survivorship in Lung Cancer: A Review. Chest, April 1, 2006; 129(4): 1088 - 1097. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kawaguchi, A. Matsumura, K. Iuchi, S. Ishikawa, H. Maeda, S. Fukai, H. Komatsu, and M. Kawahara Second Primary Cancers in Patients with Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Successfully Treated with Chemo-radiotherapy Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., January 1, 2006; 36(1): 7 - 11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. N. Myers, K. M. O'Neil, T. E. Walsh, K. J. Hoffmeister, D. J. Venzon, and B. E. Johnson The Pulmonary Status of Patients With Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer 15 Years After Treatment With Chemotherapy and Chest Irradiation Chest, November 1, 2005; 128(5): 3261 - 3268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Gritz, C. Dresler, and L. Sarna Smoking, The Missing Drug Interaction in Clinical Trials: Ignoring the Obvious Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2005; 14(10): 2287 - 2293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Rice, H.-W. Kim, A. Sabichi, S. Lippman, J. J. Lee, B. Williams, A. Vaporciyan, W. R. Smythe, S. Swisher, G. Walsh, et al. The risk of second primary tumors after resection of Stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 2003; 76(4): 1001 - 1008. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. S. Welsh, S. A. Thurman, and S. P. Howard Thymoma and Multiple Malignancies: A Case of Five Synchronous Neoplasms and Literature Review Clin. Med. Res., July 1, 2003; 1(3): 227 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Schnoll, B. Zhang, M. Rue, J. E. Krook, W. T. Spears, A. C. Marcus, and P. F. Engstrom Brief Physician-Initiated Quit-Smoking Strategies for Clinical Oncology Settings: A Trial Coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group J. Clin. Oncol., January 15, 2003; 21(2): 355 - 365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. L. Colice, J. Rubins, and M. Unger Follow-up and Surveillance of the Lung Cancer Patient Following Curative-Intent Therapy Chest, January 1, 2003; 123 (2009): 272S - 283S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. B. Travis, M. Gospodarowicz, R. E. Curtis, E. Aileen Clarke, M. Andersson, B. Glimelius, T. Joensuu, C. F. Lynch, F. E. van Leeuwen, E. Holowaty, et al. Lung Cancer Following Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for Hodgkin's Disease J Natl Cancer Inst, February 6, 2002; 94(3): 182 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. R. Khuri, E. S. Kim, J. J. Lee, R. J. Winn, S. E. Benner, S. M. Lippman, K. K. Fu, J. S. Cooper, E. E. Vokes, R. M. Chamberlain, et al. The Impact of Smoking Status, Disease Stage, and Index Tumor Site on Second Primary Tumor Incidence and Tumor Recurrence in the Head and Neck Retinoid Chemoprevention Trial Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2001; 10(8): 823 - 829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. R. Smythe, A. L. Estrera, S. G. Swisher, K. W. Merriman, G. L. Walsh, J. B. Putnam Jr, A. A. Vaporciyan, and J. A. Roth Surgical resection of non-small cell carcinoma after treatment for small cell carcinoma Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2001; 71(3): 962 - 966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Mimoto, K. Kiura, K. Matsuo, T. Yoshino, I. Takata, H. Ueoka, M. Kataoka, and M. Harada (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate can prevent cisplatin-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice Carcinogenesis, May 1, 2000; 21(5): 915 - 919. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|