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JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2006 98(8):506-507; doi:10.1093/jnci/djj155
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press.

EDITORIAL

Assessing Risk: Does This Patient Have Prostate Cancer?

H. Ballentine Carter

Correspondence to: H. Ballentine Carter, MD, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, 600 N. Wolfe St., Marburg Bldg., Rm. 403, Baltimore, MD 21287 (e-mail: hcarter@jhmi.edu).

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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is used routinely in the United States to screen for prostate cancer, a disease that accounts for a similar number of yearly male cancer deaths as colon and rectal cancers combined. PSA screening followed by prostate biopsy leads to the detection of early-stage prostate cancers for which a cure is more likely (1). However, the extent to which PSA screening has influenced declining prostate cancer mortality rates in the United States and whether routine PSA screening improves overall health outcomes remain matters of debate.

Physicians (especially urologists) are aware that PSA test results, digital rectal examination (DRE) findings, family history of prostate cancer, and other risk factors (such as race) can influence the chance that prostate cancer will . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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