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Isotretinoin and Prevention of Second Primary Tumors
High-dose isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) has produced encouraging results in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). However, the toxic effects of high-dose isotretinoin are substantial. Khuri et al. (p. 441) conducted a phase III randomized trial of low-dose isotretinoin (30 mg/day) versus placebo in 1190 early-stage HNSCC patients to assess its effect on second primary tumor incidence and survival. After 3 years of study drugs and up to 4 years of additional follow-up, isotretinoin did not reduce the rate of second primary tumors or increase survival. Among isotretinoin-treated patients, current smokers had a
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