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© Oxford University Press 2006.
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Realistic Rodents? Debate Grows Over New Mouse Models of Cancer
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In laboratories and conference rooms across the vast U.S. cancer research enterprise, scientists are conducting a high-stakes debate over which mouse models of cancer should be used to screen new drugs before they enter human trials.
Change is needed. Thirty years of experience with subcutaneous xenografts, human tumors implanted under the skin of the mouse, have satisfied few because so many drugs that cure cancer in these mice fail to help humans. A 2004 analysis in the Journal of the American Medical Association showed that only 3.8% of patients in phase I cancer drug trials between 1991 and 2002 achieved an objective clinical response—and the response rate is declining. Almost all drugs tried in humans work against subcutaneous xenografts in mice.
"How many more negative data do you want? It's very depressing," said Isaiah Fidler, Ph.D., of the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Research Center in Houston.
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Still the Standard
Transgenic Mice Come of Age
Not Ready for Prime Time?
A Better Xenograft Mouse?
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  C. Rago, D. L. Huso, F. Diehl, B. Karim, G. Liu, N. Papadopoulos, Y. Samuels, V. E. Velculescu, B. Vogelstein, K. W. Kinzler, et al. Serial Assessment of Human Tumor Burdens in Mice by the Analysis of Circulating DNA Cancer Res., October 1, 2007; 67(19): 9364 - 9370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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