© 2005 Oxford University Press
EDITORIAL |
Evolving Understanding of Growth Regulation in Human Breast Cancer: Interactions of the Steroid and Peptide Growth Regulatory Pathways
Affiliation of authors: Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
Correspondence to: Cindy A. Wilson, PhD, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (e-mail: cawilson@ucla.edu) or Dennis J. Slamon, MD, PhD, UCLA Center for the Health Sciences, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (e-mail: dslamon@mednet.ucla.edu).
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Ablation of systemic estrogen production in a breast cancer patient is considered to be one of the first targeted therapies employed for the treatment of a human malignancy. Since Beatson's (1) initial clinical description of a breast tumor response to oophorectomy in 1896, many approaches that disrupt the estrogen–estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathway have been developed and used widely in clinical practice. These range from surgical approaches such as oophorectomy, adrenalectomy, and hypophysectomy to the use of highly refined antagonists of the ER and agents that directly target estrogen production, such as aromatase inhibitors. The routine measurement of ER in breast cancers and the relative restriction of hormonally directed therapies to patients with ER-positive tumors has led to a more rational and appropriate use of these modalities.
These antiendocrine interventions have had a clinically significant benefit for many patients with advanced disease. Moreover, these approaches have made a
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