© 2003 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 95, No. 11, 768-769,
June 4, 2003
© 2003 Oxford University Press
EDITORIAL |
NRAS Hypermutability in Familial Melanoma With CDKN2A MutationsCause and Effect?
Correspondence to: Kenneth H. Kraemer, M.D., Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 37, Rm. 4002 MSC 4258, Bethesda, MD 208924258 (e-mail: kraemerk@nih.gov).
| The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below. |
The frequency of cutaneous melanoma has been increasing worldwide for several decades. Approximately 8%12% of melanomas occur in individuals with a history of cutaneous melanoma in a blood relative. Germline mutations in the CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene have been identified in approximately 20% of familial melanoma families, including many with dysplastic nevi (DN) (1). The CDKN2A region of chromosome 9p21 codes for p16 (INK4A), which functions in the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein cell-cycle control pathway, and also p14ARF, the product of an alternatively spliced transcript, which participates in the p53-mediated cell-cycle control pathway. Melanoma cell lines that do not express p16, or that express a mutant form of p16, do not show the normal G2 cell-cycle delay after UV exposure (2
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