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JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1999 91(6):492-494; doi:10.1093/jnci/91.6.492
© 1999 by Oxford University Press
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Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 91, No. 6, 492-494, March 17, 1999
© 1999 Oxford University Press

EDITORIALS

Dietary Fat, Serum Estrogen Levels, and Breast Cancer Risk: a Multifaceted Story

Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Michele R. Forman, Victor Kipnis

Affiliations of authors: R. Ballard-Barbash (Applied Research Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences), M. R. Forman (Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, Division of Clinical Sciences), V. Kipnis (Biometry Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.

Correspondence to: Rachel Ballard-Barbash, M.D., National Institutes of Health, Executive Plaza North, Rm. 313, Bethesda MD (e-mail: rb59b@nih.gov).

The hypothesis that dietary fat may increase the risk of breast cancer by increasing the availability of estrogen and related sex steroids has been explored in basic, epidemiologic, and dietary-intervention studies for many years. In this issue of the Journal, Wu et al. (1) clearly describe the debate regarding the dietary fat and breast cancer hypothesis (2,3) and have contributed to the debate by the use of meta-analysis to quantify the combined effect of fat in dietary intervention studies that have examined the influence of fat reduction on various serum estrogen levels. Their analysis focuses on dietary fat and serum estradiol, a reasonable starting point in attempting to summarize the complex interactions of diet with sex steroids. The dietary intervention studies included in the meta-analysis generally examined the effect of reducing dietary fat intake to 18%-25% of total energy in comparison with various "control" . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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