© 2004 by Oxford University Press
© 2004 Oxford University Press
ARTICLE |
Response of Established Human Breast Tumors to Vaccination with Mammaglobin-A cDNA
Affiliations of authors: Departments of Surgery (KN, AJ, NDB, LGC, TPF, JRD, TM) and Pathology and Immunology (TM), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
Correspondence to: T. Mohanakumar, PhD, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8109-3328, CSRB, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110 (e-mail: kumart{at}wustl.edu)
Background: A novel breast cancerassociated antigen, mammaglobin-A, is expressed in 80% of primary breast tumors. The characterization of immune responses against this highly expressed breast cancerspecific antigen would be of value in the development of new therapeutic strategies for breast cancer. Methods: We developed an in vivo model using human leukocyte antigen-A*0201/human CD8+ (HLA-A2+/hCD8+) double-transgenic mice to define the epitopes and to study the level of protection acquired by mammaglobin-A cDNA vaccination toward mammaglobin-A+/HLA-A2+ breast cancer cell lines. Mammaglobin-A epitopes were identified using an HLA class I peptide binding prediction computer program, and their activity was verified using gamma interferon ELISPOT and cytotoxicity assays. Results: We identified seven mammaglobin-Aderived candidate epitopes that bind the HLA-A*0201 molecule (Mam-A2.17). CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) from HLA-A2+/hCD8+ mice reacted to the Mam-A2.1 (amino acids [aa] 8392, LIYDSSLCDL), Mam-A2.2 (aa 210, KLLMVLMLA), Mam-A2.4 (aa 6674, FLNQTDETL), and Mam-A2.6 (aa 3240, MQLIYDSSL) epitopes. CD8+ CTLs from breast cancer patients also recognized a similar epitope pattern as did those in the HLA-A2+/hCD8 mice and reacted to the Mam-A2.1, Mam-A2.2, Mam-A2.3, Mam-A2.4, and Mam-A2.7 epitopes. Passive transfer of mammaglobin-Areactive CTLs into SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) beige mice with actively growing mammaglobin-A+ tumors resulted in statistically significant regression (P<.001) in the growth of the tumors. Conclusions: The HLA-A2+/hCD8+ mouse represents a valuable animal model to characterize the HLA-A*0201restricted CD8+ CTL immune response to mammaglobin-A in vivo, and the data reported here demonstrate the immunotherapeutic potential of mammaglobin-A for the treatment and/or prevention of breast cancer.
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