© 2003 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 95, No. 8, 622-625,
April 16, 2003
© 2003 Oxford University Press
BRIEF COMMUNICATION |
Long-Term Efficacy of Sigmoidoscopy in the Reduction of Colorectal Cancer Incidence
Affiliation of authors: P. A. Newcomb, L. M. Morimoto, A. Templeton, J. D. Potter (Cancer Prevention Research Program), B. E. Storer (Clinical Statistics), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
Correspondence to: Polly Newcomb, Ph.D., Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. North, MP-900, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024 (e-mail: pnewcomb{at}fhcrc.org).
ABSTRACT
Screening sigmoidoscopy is associated with a reduction in both the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. Although current guidelines recommend sigmoidoscopy screening every 5 years, the duration of risk reduction is not known. We conducted a population-based case–control study to examine the association between sigmoidoscopy screening and colorectal cancer incidence. We collected information on screening history and risk factors from case patients with distal (n = 1026) and proximal (n = 642) colorectal cancer and from 1294 control subjects from October 1998 through February 2002. Screening sigmoidoscopy was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of distal colorectal cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.17 to 0.33). These reductions were sustained for up to 16 years with little attenuation. We also observed strong inverse associations between cancer incidence and sigmoidoscopy in analyses that included subjects with symptom-related tests. Current recommendations regarding the frequency of sigmoidoscopy screening may be unnecessarily aggressive.
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