© 2003 by Oxford University Press
© 2003 Oxford University Press
REVIEW |
The Epigenome as a Target for Cancer Chemoprevention
Affiliations of authors: Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (LK, JAC); CCS Associates, Mountain View, CA (JRF).
Correspondence to: Levy Kopelovich, PhD, Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6130 Executive Plaza North, Rm. 2117, Bethesda, MD 20892 (e-mail: kopelovl{at}mail.nih.gov)
Epigenetic events, a key driving force in the development of cancer, are alterations in gene expression without changes in the DNA coding sequence that are heritable through cell division. Such changes occur throughout all stages of tumorigenesis, including the early phases, and are increasingly recognized as major mechanisms involved in silencing tumor suppressor genes. Epigenetic changes can be reversed by the use of small molecules and, thus, such changes are promising targets for cancer chemopreventive drug development. This review examines the basis for targeting the epigenome as a prevention strategy, focusing on understanding the epigenetic changes that occur before the development of frank malignancy, when chemopreventive intervention will have the maximal impact.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. B. Yoo, J. C. Chuang, H.-M. Byun, G. Egger, A. S. Yang, L. Dubeau, T. Long, P. W. Laird, V. E. Marquez, and P. A. Jones Long-term Epigenetic Therapy with Oral Zebularine Has Minimal Side Effects and Prevents Intestinal Tumors in Mice Cancer Prevention Research, September 1, 2008; 1(4): 233 - 240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-P. Issa Cancer Prevention: Epigenetics Steps Up to the Plate Cancer Prevention Research, September 1, 2008; 1(4): 219 - 222. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Baker Jr., J. H. Ostrander, S. Lem, G. Broadwater, G. R. Bean, N. C. D'Amato, V. K. Goldenberg, C. Rowell, C. Ibarra-Drendall, T. Grant, et al. ESR1 Promoter Hypermethylation Does Not Predict Atypia in RPFNA nor Persistent Atypia after 12 Months Tamoxifen Chemoprevention Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2008; 17(8): 1884 - 1890. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Kopelovich, J. R. Fay, C. C. Sigman, and J. A. Crowell The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway as a Potential Target for Cancer Chemoprevention Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2007; 16(7): 1330 - 1340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Hamilton, F. Sato, Z. Jin, B. D. Greenwald, T. Ito, Y. Mori, B. C. Paun, T. Kan, Y. Cheng, S. Wang, et al. Reprimo Methylation Is a Potential Biomarker of Barrett's-Associated Esophageal Neoplastic Progression. Clin. Cancer Res., November 15, 2006; 12(22): 6637 - 6642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. de Almeida Simao, G. L. De Bonis Almeida Simoes, F. S. Ribeiro, D. A. de Paula Cidade, N. A. Andreollo, L. R. Lopes, J. M. B. Macedo, R. Acatauassu, A. M. R. Teixeira, I. Felzenszwalb, et al. Lower expression of p14ARF and p16INK4a correlates with higher DNMT3B expression in human oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas Human and Experimental Toxicology, September 1, 2006; 25(9): 515 - 522. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. C. Myzak, K. Hardin, R. Wang, R. H. Dashwood, and E. Ho Sulforaphane inhibits histone deacetylase activity in BPH-1, LnCaP and PC-3 prostate epithelial cells Carcinogenesis, April 1, 2006; 27(4): 811 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A O O Chan, J Z Peng, S K Lam, K C Lai, M F Yuen, H K L Cheung, Y L Kwong, A Rashid, C K Chan, and B C-Y Wong Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection reverses E-cadherin promoter hypermethylation Gut, April 1, 2006; 55(4): 463 - 468. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Z. Fang, D. Chen, Y. Sun, Z. Jin, J. K. Christman, and C. S. Yang Reversal of Hypermethylation and Reactivation of p16INK4a, RAR{beta}, and MGMT Genes by Genistein and Other Isoflavones from Soy Clin. Cancer Res., October 1, 2005; 11(19): 7033 - 7041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W.-M. Chan, D. T.L. Liu, C.-P. Pang, D. S.C. Lam, K. F. To, P. C.L. Choi, K. W. Choy, C.-Y. Wong, and D. D.N. Chan Pediatric Malignancies: CASE 1. Hypermethylation in Orbital Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma J. Clin. Oncol., July 20, 2005; 23(21): 4790 - 4791. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Cote, P. W. Laird, and R. H. Datar Promoter Hypermethylation: A New Therapeutic Target Emerges in Urothelial Cancer J. Clin. Oncol., May 1, 2005; 23(13): 2879 - 2881. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Touma, J. S. Goldberg, P. Moench, X. Guo, S. K. Tickoo, L. J. Gudas, and D. M. Nanus Retinoic Acid and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Trichostatin A Inhibit the Proliferation of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Xenograft Tumor Model Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2005; 11(9): 3558 - 3566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. W. Laird Cancer epigenetics Hum. Mol. Genet., April 15, 2005; 14(suppl_1): R65 - R76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. R. Bean, V. Scott, L. Yee, B. Ratliff-Daniel, M. M. Troch, P. Seo, M. L. Bowie, P. K. Marcom, J. Slade, B. F. Kimler, et al. Retinoic Acid Receptor-{beta}2 Promoter Methylation in Random Periareolar Fine Needle Aspiration Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2005; 14(4): 790 - 798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Lewis, L. R. Cler, D.-W. Bu, S. Zochbauer-Muller, S. Milchgrub, E. Z. Naftalis, A. M. Leitch, J. D. Minna, and D. M. Euhus Promoter Hypermethylation in Benign Breast Epithelium in Relation to Predicted Breast Cancer Risk Clin. Cancer Res., January 1, 2005; 11(1): 166 - 172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|