© 2003 by Oxford University Press
© 2003 Oxford University Press
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Relationship Between Serum Leptin Levels and Alcohol Consumption in a Controlled Feeding and Alcohol Ingestion Study
Affiliations of authors: Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, Center for Cancer Research (MJR, SMD, WSC, PRT), and the Biometric Research Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (PSA), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD; Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD (DJB, EDB, JTJ); Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park (TWC); Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA (JFD); Department of Nutrition, Pennsylvania State University, University Park (TJH); Information Management Services, Inc., Silver Spring, MD (CAG).
Correspondence to: Mark J. Roth, MD, Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6116 Executive Blvd., Ste. 705, MSC 8314, Bethesda, MD 20892-8314 (e-mail: mr166i{at}nih.gov)
ABSTRACT
We examined serum leptin levels in a controlled feeding and alcohol ingestion study to elucidate potential mechanisms by which alcohol may affect cancer and immunologically related health risks. A total of 53 healthy, nonsmoking postmenopausal women completed a random-order, three-period crossover design study in which each woman received zero (0 g of alcohol), one (15 g of alcohol), or two (30 g alcohol) drinks per day. After accounting for differences in body mass index, women who consumed 15 or 30 g of alcohol per day had 7.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.0% to 15.1%) and 8.9% (95% CI = 1.6% to 16.7%) higher serum leptin levels, respectively (Ptrend = .018), than women who consumed 0 g of alcohol per day. Younger women (i.e., 49–54 years) demonstrated a statistically significantly larger association of alcohol consumption level with the increase in serum leptin levels than older women (i.e., 55–79 years) (24.4%, 95% CI = 9.3% to 42.0% versus 3.7%, 95% CI = -4.1% to 12.1% increase in serum leptin levels for 30 g of alcohol per day relative to 0 g of alcohol per day for the lowest age quartile compared with the three highest age quartiles combined; P = .022). These results indicate that moderate alcohol consumption (15–30 g of alcohol per day) increases serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women and may predispose moderate drinkers to the morbidities associated with chronic elevations of this hormone including cancer.
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