© 2001 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 93, No. 24, 1864-1871,
December 19, 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press
REPORT |
Factors Associated With Initial Therapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study
Affiliations of authors: L. C. Harlan, A. Potosky, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; F. D. Gilliland, A. S. Hamilton, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles; R. Hoffman, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and New Mexico Tumor Registry, Albuquerque; P. C. Albertsen, University of Connecticut Health Center, Framington; J. W. Eley, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; J. L. Stanford, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; R. A. Stephenson, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Correspondence to: Linda C. Harlan, Ph.D., M.P.H., National Institutes of Health, Executive Plaza North, Suite 4005, 6130 Executive Blvd., MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892 (e-mail: lh50w{at}nih.gov).
Background: Because of the lack of results from randomized clinical trials comparing the efficacy of aggressive therapies with that of more conservative therapies for clinically localized prostate cancer, men and their physicians may select treatments based on other criteria. We examined the association of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with four management options: radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, and watchful waiting. Methods: We studied 3073 participants of the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study diagnosed from October 1, 1994, through October 31, 1995, with clinically localized disease (T1 or T2). Participants completed a baseline survey, and diagnostic and treatment information was abstracted from medical records. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with initial treatment. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Patients with clinically localized disease received the following treatments: radical prostatectomy (47.6%), radiation therapy (23.4%), hormonal therapy (10.5%), or watchful waiting (18.5%). Men aged 75 years or older more often received conservative treatment (i.e., hormonal therapy alone or watchful waiting; 57.9% of men aged 75–79 years and 82.1% of men aged 80 years and older) than aggressive treatment (i.e., radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy) (for all age groups, P
.001). After adjustment for age, clinical stage, baseline prostate-specific antigen level, and histologic grade, the following factors were associated with conservative treatment: history of a heart attack, being unmarried, geographic region, poor pretreatment bladder control, and impotence. In men younger than 60 years, use of aggressive treatment was similar by race/ethnicity (adjusted percentages = 85.5%, 88.1%, and 85.3% for white, African-American, and Hispanic men, respectively). However, among men 60 years old and older, African-American men underwent aggressive treatment less often than did white men or Hispanic men (adjusted percentages for men aged 60–64 years = 67.1%, 84.7%, and 79.2%, respectively; 65–74 years = 64.8%, 73.4%, and 79.5%, respectively; and 75 years old and older = 25.2%, 45.7%, and 36.6%, respectively). Conclusions: The association of nonclinical factors with treatment suggests that, in the absence of definitive information regarding treatment effectiveness, men diagnosed with prostate cancer should be better informed of the risks and benefits of all treatment options.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Walz, A. Gallina, F. Saad, F. Montorsi, P. Perrotte, S. F. Shariat, C. Jeldres, M. Graefen, F. Benard, M. McCormack, et al. A Nomogram Predicting 10-Year Life Expectancy in Candidates for Radical Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Oncol., August 20, 2007; 25(24): 3576 - 3581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Chen, A. V. D'Amico, B. A. Neville, and C. C. Earle Patient and Treatment Factors Associated With Complications After Prostate Brachytherapy J. Clin. Oncol., November 20, 2006; 24(33): 5298 - 5304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Cooperberg, J. W. Moul, and P. R. Carroll The Changing Face of Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Oncol., November 10, 2005; 23(32): 8146 - 8151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. F. Penson Variations in Prostate Cancer Patterns of Care: Is It the Quality of Care or the Quality of the Data? J. Clin. Oncol., November 1, 2005; 23(31): 7783 - 7784. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. K. Edwards, M. L. Brown, P. A. Wingo, H. L. Howe, E. Ward, L. A. G. Ries, D. Schrag, P. M. Jamison, A. Jemal, X. C. Wu, et al. Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2002, Featuring Population-Based Trends in Cancer Treatment J Natl Cancer Inst, October 5, 2005; 97(19): 1407 - 1427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. B. Shahinian, Y.-F. Kuo, J. L. Freeman, and J. S. Goodwin Risk of Fracture after Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer N. Engl. J. Med., January 13, 2005; 352(2): 154 - 164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Patel, P. J. Whelan, S. Prescott, S. C. Brownhill, C. F. Johnston, P. J. Selby, and S. A. Burchill The Use of Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR for Prostate-Specific Antigen mRNA to Discriminate between Blood Samples from Healthy Volunteers and from Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., November 15, 2004; 10(22): 7511 - 7519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Cooperberg, D. P. Lubeck, M. V. Meng, S. S. Mehta, and P. R. Carroll The Changing Face of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: Trends in Clinical Presentation and Primary Management J. Clin. Oncol., June 1, 2004; 22(11): 2141 - 2149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|