© 2000 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 92, No. 23, 1910-1917,
December 6, 2000
© 2000 Oxford University Press
Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins, and Prostate Cancer Risk: a Prospective Study
Affiliations of authors: P. Stattin (Department of Urology and Andrology), A. Bylund (Department of Geriatrics), G. Hallmans (Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine), Umeå University Hospital, Sweden; S. Rinaldi, C. Biessy, E. Riboli, R. Kaaks, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; H. Déchaud, Central Laboratory for Biochemistry, Hôpital de l'Antiquaille, Lyon; U.-H. Stenman, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; L. Egevad, Department of Pathology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Correspondence to: Pär Stattin, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Urology and Andrology, Umeå University Hospital, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden (e-mail: par. stattin{at}urologi.umu.se).
Background: Recent studies have suggested that men with elevated plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) may have an increased risk of prostate cancer. Furthermore, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and insulin can modulate the activity of IGF-I. In this study, we sought to determine the role of IGF-I as well as IGFBPs-1, -2, and -3 and insulin as possible etiologic factors for prostate cancer. Methods: We conducted a nested case–control study within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort Study. We measured levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and insulin in plasma samples from 149 men who had a diagnosis of prostate cancer between 1 month and 10 years after blood collection and among 298 control men. All statistical tests are two-sided. Results: Case subjects had statistically significantly higher mean levels of IGF-I than control subjects (229 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 218–240 ng/mL] versus 214 ng/mL [95% CI = 208–221 ng/mL]; P = .02) and IGFBP-3 (2611 ng/mL [95% CI = 2518–2704 ng/mL] versus 2498 ng/mL [95% CI = 2437–2560 ng/mL]; P = .04). Conditional logistic regression analyses showed increases in prostate cancer risk with rising levels of IGF-I (Pfor trend = .02) and IGFBP-3 (Pfor trend = .03). In case subjects younger than 59 years at the time of blood collection, the risk associated with increased IGF-I was higher (Pfor trend = .01), whereas the risk associated with increased IGFBP-3 was lower (Pfor trend = .44) than the corresponding risks in the full cohort. Prostate cancer risk was not associated with levels of IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, or insulin. Conclusions: Prostate cancer risk is increased in men with elevated plasma IGF-I. This association was particularly strong in younger men in this study, suggesting that circulating IGF-I may be specifically involved in the early pathogenesis of prostate cancer.
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