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JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1998 90(20):1563-1568; doi:10.1093/jnci/90.20.1563
© 1998 by Oxford University Press
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Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 90, No. 20, 1563-1568, October 21, 1998
©Copyright 1998 Oxford University Press

REPORTS

Clinical Implications of p53 Autoantibodies in the Sera of Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Tetsuya Mitsudomi, Susumu Suzuki, Yasushi Yatabe, Masayuki Nishio, Masaki Kuwabara, Kunihiko Gotoh, Shunzo Hatooka, Masayuki Shinoda, Motokazu Suyama, Makoto Ogawa, Toshitada Takahashi, Yutaka Ariyoshi, Takashi Takahashi

Affiliations of authors: T. Mitsudomi, S. Hatooka, M. Shinoda, M. Suyama (Department of Thoracic Surgery), Y. Yatabe, M. Kuwabara (Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories), M. Nishio, K. Gotoh, M. Ogawa (Department of Internal Medicine), Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; To. Takahashi (Laboratory of Immunology), Ta. Takahashi (Laboratory of Ultrastructure Research), Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; S. Suzuki (Medical and Biological Laboratories, Inc.), Y. Ariyoshi (Department of Internal Medicine), Aichi Hospital.

Correspondence to: Tetsuya Mitsudomi, M.D., Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan.

Abstract

Background: The presence of autoantibodies to p53 protein has been associated with the presence of p53 (also known as TP53) gene mutations in primary tumors and with poor prognosis. This study was undertaken to determine the clinical significance of p53 autoantibodies in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We studied 188 consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent pulmonary resection and for whom preoperative serum was available. The presence of p53 autoantibodies, detected by use of two amino-terminal and two carboxy-terminal peptides (20-30 mers) as antigens and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was related to various clinicopathologic parameters and to overexpression of p53 protein in the primary tumor. For 22 patients who had p53 autoantibodies before surgery, we also examined sera taken during postoperative follow-up. Reported P values are two-sided. Results: Autoantibodies to p53 protein were detected in 38 patients. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma, those with more advanced disease (stage III-IV), and those with tumors that overexpressed p53 had a significantly higher incidence of p53 autoantibodies (P = .05, .0079, and .02, respectively). In all but one of the patients with postoperative serum samples, the antibody titer declined after surgery; however, there was no relationship between clinical course and this change in antibody titer. In addition, there was no relationship between the presence of p53 autoantibodies and overall survival in 171 patients who underwent potentially curative resection (P = .28); however, 13 patients with autoantibodies to amino-terminal peptides had a worse overall survival (P = .02). Conclusions: In NSCLC, the incidence of p53 autoantibodies is associated with histologic type, stage, and p53 overexpression—but not with patient survival. Our data do not support the clinical utility of p53 autoantibodies as diagnostic or prognostic markers in patients with NSCLC. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:1563-8]


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