© 1994 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 86, No. 2, 120-126,
January 19, 1994
© 1994 Oxford University Press
Anti-Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Antibody Staining in Primary Breast Adenocarcinomas Correlates With Marked Inflammatory Cell Infiltrates and Prognosis
Département de Médecine Oncolo-gique, Institut Curie Paris
Laboratoire d'Oncogénétique et Laboratoire d'Anatomo-pathologie, Centre René Huguenin St. Cloud, France
Département de la Pathologie, Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York
Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center Seattle, Wash
Correspondence to: S. Scholl, M.D.: Départment de Médecine Oncologique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d, Ulm, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Background:Clinical studies have shown that a marked lymphoplasmocytic reaction in breast tumors is findings raise the possibility that an inflammatory cell reaction might be a tumor-induced response that tends to promot tumor growth. Purpose: We assessed the expression of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-) as well as the prevalence of specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and monocytes in breast tumors. Methods: Tissue sections were obtained from archival paraffin blocks from 196 breast cancer patients. Seventy-eight percent of the women had beren treated by mastectomy and 22% by lumpectomy. Median age of the patients was 54 years, and median follow-up was 7.3 years. Immuno-histochemical and in situ hybridization techniques were used to characterize the specimens. Results: Markedly high numbers of CD45RO-positive T- and L26-positive B-cell infiltrates were found in 13% and 17% of the tissue specimens, respectively. CSF-1 receptor-posittive monocytes were detected in 48% and CD68-poistive monocytes in 90% of the tumors. In turn, tumors with large fractions of CD68-positive monocytes also showed CSF-1 receptor-positive monocytes (P<.0001). CSF-1 was expressed significantly in 74% of the tumors and the CSF-1 receptor in more than 50% of the tumors. Tumors with high percentages of CSF-1 expressing cells also had marked monocyte infiltrated (P = .035). The presence of marked CD45RO-positive T-cell infiltrates and apparent nuclear staining of CSF-1 in tumor cells were associated with the more frequent occurrence of metastases (P = .03, respectively). Conclusions: Large numbers of CD45RO-positive (activated memory but noncytotoxic) T cells as well as a predominant nuclear staining pattern for CSF-1 are associated with a pooroutcome in breast cancer patients. Implications: Nuclear retention of CSF-1 could reflect CSF-1 turnover and function in tumor cells, but new approaches are needed to establish the significance of these observations. Secreted CSF-1 appears to cause monocyte recruitment and activations, thereby modulating immune functions and potentially the expression of the CD45RO phenotype in T cells. [J Natl cancer Inst 86:120–126, 1994]
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