© 1992 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 84, No. 20, 1572-1575,
October 21, 1992
© 1992 Oxford University Press
Screening Sigmoidoscopy and Colorectal Cancer Mortality
University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center Madison
Divisonn of Gastroenterology, Marshfield Clinic Marshfield, Wis
*Correspondence to: Polly A. Newcomb, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1300 University Ave#6795, Madison, WI 53706.
Background: Sigmoidoscopy may reduce colorectal cancer mortality by identifying both cancers and precursor lesions (including polyps) for treatment; however, evidence regarding the efficacy of this technique as a screening procedure is extremely limited. Purpose: In the absence of data from radomized controlled trials, we performed a retrospective case control study to determine if sigmoidoscopy screening is assoicated with a reduation in colorectal cancer mortality. Methods: The medical records of 66 members of the Greater Marshfields Community Health Plan(GMCHP)who died of large -bowel cancer from 1979 to 1988 were reviewed for history of screening for colorectal cancer (case subjects). For comparison, the records of 196 GMCHP members of similar gender, age, and enrollment duration were randomly selected for review (control subjects). Results: History of screening sigmoidosciopy was much less common among case subjects (10%) than among control subjects (30%); Rist for death from colorectal cancer was reduced among individulas having had a single examination by screening sdigmoidoscopy (odds ratio=0.21; 95% confidence interval =0.08–0.52), compared with the risk for those who never had one. The reduction in risk appeared to be limited to tumbers in the rectum and distal colon. Neither fecal occult boold testing nore ditital rectal rectal examination was associated with a reduction in colorectal cancer mortal; ity. Conclusions: These results suggest that screening sigmoidoscopy can substantially reduce mortality from cancers of the recrum and distal colon.[J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 1572–1575, 1992]
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H. M. Fenlon, D. P. Nunes, P. C. Schroy, M. A. Barish, P. D. Clarke, and J. T. Ferrucci A Comparison of Virtual and Conventional Colonoscopy for the Detection of Colorectal Polyps N. Engl. J. Med., November 11, 1999; 341(20): 1496 - 1503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. G. Roetzheim, N. Pal, C. Tennant, L. Voti, J. Z. Ayanian, A. Schwabe, and J. P. Krischer Effects of Health Insurance and Race on Early Detection of Cancer J Natl Cancer Inst, August 18, 1999; 91(16): 1409 - 1415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. D. Lewis and D. A. Asch Barriers to Office-Based Screening Sigmoidoscopy: Does Reimbursement Cover Costs? Ann Intern Med, March 16, 1999; 130(6): 525 - 530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C D JOHNSON and D A AHLQUIST Computed tomography colonography (virtual colonoscopy): a new method for colorectal screening Gut, March 1, 1999; 44(3): 301 - 305. [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. S. Cooper, R. H. Fortinsky, R. Hapke, and C. S. Landefeld Primary Care Physician Recommendations for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Patient and Practitioner Factors Arch Intern Med, September 22, 1997; 157(17): 1946 - 1950. [Abstract] [PDF]
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