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JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1991 83(17):1240-1245; doi:10.1093/jnci/83.17.1240
© 1991 by Oxford University Press
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Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 83, No. 17, 1240-1245, September 4, 1991
© 1991 Oxford University Press

Effect of Cell Wall Skeleton and Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvant on the Immunogenicity of a Murine B16 Melanoma Vaccine

Dean Johnston1, Jean-claude Bystryn*,2

1Department of Dermatology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine New York, N.Y. Hunter College, School of Health Sciences New York
2*Department of Dermatology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine New York

*Correspondence to: Jean-Claude Bystryn, M.D., New York University School of Medicine, 560 First Ave., New York, NY 10016

We examined the effect of a new adjuvant consisting of purified mycobac-terial cell wall skeleton (CWS) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) on the immunogenicity of a murine melanoma vaccine. C57BL/6 mice were immunized to partially purified B16 melanoma vaccine given alone or together with different dose levels of adjuvant, or with saline or adjuvant alone. Humoral response, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), in vitro cytotoxicity, and tumor-protective immunity to melanoma were measured following three biweekly immunizations. The adjuvant potentiated the antibody response to some, but not all, melanoma antigens in a dose-dependent fashion. The adjuvant also potentiated cellular immunity as measured by in vitro cytotoxicity assays. No potentiation of tumor-protective immunity was detected. In comparision to Freund's complete adjuvant, cell wall skeleton plus monophosphoryl lipid A (CWS: MPL) induced fewer cutaneous toxic effects and stronger antibody and DTH responses but resulted in no greater in vitro cytotoxicity or tumor-protective immunity. Thus, the adjuvant had a selective and dose-dependent effect on humoral responses to vaccine immunization but did not potentiate a tumor-protective immunity to B16 melanoma. [J Natl Cancer Inst 83:1240–1245, 1991]


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