© 1991 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 83, No. 16, 1142-1148,
August 21, 1991
© 1991 Oxford University Press
Smoking-Attributable Cancer Mortality in 1991: Is Lung Cancer Now the Leading Cause of Death Among Smokers in the United States?
Smoking and Tobacco Control Program, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Md.
American Cancer Society Atlanta, Ga.
*Correspondence to: Donald R. Shopland. Smoking and Tobacco Control jProgram, Executive Plaza North, Rm. 241, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Finding from the new American Cancer Society prospective study of 1.2 million men and women indicate that mortality risks among smokers have increased substantially for most of the eight major cancer sites causally associated with cigarette smoking. Lung cancer risk for male smokers doubled, while the risk for females increased more than fourfold. On the basis of the new American Cancer Society relative risks, we project that cigarette smoking alone will contribute to slightly more than 157 000 of the 514 000 total cancer deaths expected to occur in the United States in 1991. Overall, smoking directly contributes to 21.5% of all cancer deaths in women but 45% of all cancer deaths in men. It would also appear that lung cancer has now displaced cornary heart disease as the single leading cause of excess mortality among smokers in the United States. [J Natl Cancer Inst 83:1142–1148, 1991]
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