© 1988 by Oxford University Press
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 80, No. 16, 1329-1333,
October 19, 1988
© 1988 Oxford University Press
Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Women
2Division of Digestive Diseases and the Core Center in Diarrheal Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, NC
3Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park NC
4The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health Hagerstown, MD
5Presented at the American Gastroenterological Association Meeting, Chicago, IL, May 12, 1987.
*Correspondence to: Robert S. Sandier, Department of Medicine, CB #7080, 423 Bumett-Womack Bldg., University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–7080.
Colorectal cancer incidence rates for smokers, nonsmokers living with smokers (i.e., passive smokers), and non-smokers in smoke-free households were compared in a 12-year prospective study of 25, 369 women who participated in a private census conducted in Washington County, MD, in 1963. Women who smoked had a decreased relative risk of colorectal cancer compared with the risk for nonsmokers (age-adjusted relative risk, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.52–1.10). The risk for passive smokers was similar to that for smokers. The relative risks were significantly reduced for older women; relative risks were 0.42 for smokers and 0.66 for passive smokers over age 65. The data suggest that older women who smoke have a lower risk of colorectal cancer than non-smokers. The effect may be mediated by an antiestrogenic effect of smoking.
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